First is the propellant combustion or heating, which produces exhaust gas. Then it is passed through a supersonic propelling nozzle, which helps to accelerate the exhaust gas to high speeds using the heat energy of gas itself. Then the engine is pushed in the opposite direction, as the reaction to the exhaust flow.
Jet engine consists refer Figure 2 of many parts such as a fan, compressor, combustor, turbine, mixer, and nozzle. Engine sucks the air and compress it in the compressor. Then the compressed and heated air is sent to the combustor and mix with fuel and burn. Liquid rockets tend to be heavier and more complex because of the pumps, and you usually put the fuel in the rocket just before launch.
A solid rocket is much easier to handle and can sit for years before firing. On this slide, we show a picture of an X rocket powered airplane at the upper left and a picture of a rocket engine test at the lower right.
For the picture at the right, we only see the outside of the rocket nozzle, with the hot gas exiting out the bottom. The X carried a single pilot to a height of more than 60 miles above the earth and flew more than six times the speed of sound nearly 30 years ago.
These altitude and speed records are only exceeded today by the Space Shuttle. They take in air which contains oxygen needed for combustion , mix it with fuel, burn it to increase the pressure, and exhaust the spent gases out the back at a high rate of speed. This high-speed ejection of mass propels the plane forward. Rockets do almost the same thing with two exceptions. Unlike jets, they carry their own oxygen along with them and a rocket does not have wings that add lift.
On the space shuttle, you notice an orange tank, which actually contains separate tanks of hydrogen and oxygen. These two ingredients are mixed in the liquid-fuel rocket engine, burned, and expelled out the nozzle. The white, solid-fuel rocket on each side contains a chemical mixture in which the oxidizing agent is part of the fuel. Rocket fuel can burn without external oxygen being present. As a side note, once a solid fuel rocket is ignited, it cannot be turned off.
Jet engines must have outside oxygen from the air. Another difference is that jet planes have wings for lift and rockets do not. Many engines are internal combustion engines, which use propellant masses of mixture of fuel and oxidizing components, or a combination of solid and liquid, or gaseous propellants. The other type is heating the chemically inert reaction mass using a high energy power source via a heat exchanger.
Jet engine consists of many parts such as a fan, compressor, combustor, turbine, mixer, and nozzle. The availability and the arrangement of these parts together with the drive mechanism give different types of jet engines. Engine sucks the air and compress it in the compressor. Then the compressed and heated air is sent to the combustor and mix with fuel and burn. The exhaust is sent to the turbine to produce the thrust to drive the engine.
The available types of the jet engines are: ramjet, turbojet, turbofan, turboprop and turbo shaft.
0コメント